Advised Total Eren, the renewable energy arm of TotalEnergies, on the Kazakhstan tax aspects of the structuring and Phase II financing of the USD 1.2 billion Mirny project, Kazakhstan's first 1 GW wind farm with integrated battery storage, located in the Zhambyl region and financed by EBRD, Proparco, DEG and other lenders.
Advised a major Chinese bank on the Kazakhstan tax and regulatory aspects of a proposed cross-border financing to Silleno LLP, covering interest withholding tax, gross-up provisions, beneficial ownership and tax residence requirements, and the full exemption under the Kazakhstan–China double tax treaty, as part of a multi-jurisdictional credit assessment involving state-owned and international sponsors.
Advised UAB City Pay on the establishment of an AIFC-based cross-border holding and financing structure for operations across Lithuania, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Uzbekistan, Turkey, El Salvador, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and ADGM, covering withholding tax, thin capitalisation, treaty relief and currency control, and the feasibility of USDT-denominated convertible loans under AIFC and Kazakhstan digital asset regulation.
Advised a leading French cable car technology provider on the Kazakhstan tax structuring of its participation in a USD 249 million cable car project for a Kazakhstan tourism development company, designing a consortium structure to mitigate permanent establishment and withholding tax risks under the Kazakhstan–France double tax treaty, and negotiating its acceptance by the employer.
Advised Almaty Power Plants JSC (ALES) on the Kazakhstan tax aspects of a USD 214 million coal-to-gas conversion project involving a combined-cycle gas turbine facility of up to 600 MW, covering tax risk allocation across EPC, contractor and financing arrangements with the Asian Development Bank, EBRD and the Development Bank of Kazakhstan.
Advised a major cryptocurrency exchange group on the Kazakhstan tax aspects of implementing its merchant payment model through an AIFC-regulated subsidiary, covering corporate income tax and VAT treatment, the availability of AIFC tax exemptions for digital asset platform activities, electronic invoicing (ESF) requirements and payment service provider arrangements, and recommending an official tax clarification.
Advised the purchaser on a USD 6 million share acquisition under an integrated legal and tax mandate, conducting tax due diligence alongside legal due diligence on a five-to-seven business-day timetable, preparing the share purchase agreement, analysing required regulatory approvals and assisting with completion, with findings informing transaction structuring and contractual protections.
Represented an international EPC contractor in Kazakhstan's oil and gas sector in a tax dispute arising from a thematic tax audit, with assessments exceeding KZT 3 billion, advising on permanent establishment, withholding tax under the Kazakhstan–France double tax treaty and limitation periods, and challenging the tax authority's delay in completing the audit in court.